https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38113784

This study assesses the stability and human health risks of groundwater in a black sand mineral-rich coastal region of Kerala, India, for drinking and industrial purposes, and finds that while the water is generally suitable for these uses, children are at low to medium risk from certain trace metals, and both children and adults have a high risk of nickel-induced cancer from long-term ingestion.