“Measuring Adolescent Resilience: The Protective Role of Psychological and Social Factors”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38115137

The residuals approach to measuring resilience reveals that internal psychological and external social factors, such as self-esteem, emotional regulation, friendships, and peer support, contribute to protective effects against the negative impact of adversity on wellbeing in early-to-middle adolescence, with some differences by gender and level of adversity exposure.