“Quantum Otto Heat Engine’s Maximum Efficiency with Parametrically Pumped Oscillator and Thermal Reservoirs”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38115429

This study investigates a quantum Otto-type heat engine using a parametrically pumped quantum harmonic oscillator as the working substance, and finds that the Carnot limit can be reached by increasing the squeezing parameter, and that under thermal reservoirs, a work extraction process more efficient than the Carnot engine is impossible.