“Fermi Acceleration in Stochastic Oval Billiard: Energy Growth and Critical Point”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38115468

This study investigates Fermi acceleration in a stochastic oval billiard and finds that energy growth transitions from limited to unlimited as the restitution coefficient varies, with a suggested order parameter diverging at the critical point, applicable to periodically driven billiards as well.