“Molecular Dynamics Simulations Show Alcohols May Increase Skin Permeation”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38115608

Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that alcohols enhance skin permeation by interacting with lipids, extracting free fatty acids, and forming continuous hydrophilic defects, leading to increased disorder and fluidity in ceramide tails and weakened hydrogen bonding networks, thereby reducing energy barriers for transdermal permeation.