“Earthworm Tissue Injury, Not Cadmium Exposure, Triggers Stress Response; Coelomocytes Implicated in Wound Healing and Detoxification”

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38116011

This study suggests that in earthworms, tissue injury rather than cadmium exposure is the primary factor driving the stress response, and immune cells (coelomocytes) may play a crucial role in protecting the organism from environmental challenges, including wound healing and cadmium detoxification.